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Dispersion of particulate matter
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What is particulate matter?
Particulate matter is a mixture of particles of differing compositions and dimensions in the air. The particles are divided into fractions based on their size. PM10, PM2.5 and PM0.1 are the fractions of the particles with an aerodynamic diameter (a.d.) smaller than 10 and 2.5 and 0.1 µm respectively. These fractions are considered a few of the most important air polluting substances that may have a negative impact on health.
Impact to man and environment
Both the increased occurrence of respiratory complaints, the number of admissions to hospital for heart and lung disorders and premature mortality have been associated with these fractions in epidemiological studies. The connections were made both with short-term exposure (hours, days) at high concentrations and long-term exposure (years) at low concentrations. The smallest particles permeate the deepest into the lungs, by which they can end up in the blood stream relatively easily and quickly.
The deposition of particulate matter on buildings results in pollution and weathering, so that accelerated cleaning and maintenance are necessary.